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如何證實減肥治療是否有效?
醫學界要證明某種治療有效,從而使用該治療,是要採用隨機對照試驗 (randomized controlled trial, RCT) ,而雙盲對照(double blinded, placebo-controlled)更是黃金法則。隨機對照試驗是把一批同意參加研究的病人,透過隨機分派之方法將病人分成實驗及對照組,然後比較不同治療方式的效果,而受測試的治療方式要比對照組優勝,才算是有效的治療。而任何一種新藥或治療方式都要經過動物實驗和不同階段的臨床研究,以證實它的安全性和有效性,而且亦要受到監管機構批准,才可作廣泛應用。
這些研究就是實證醫學(evidence-based medicine)的基礎,以確保相關治療是安全及有效,因此市民選擇有實證醫學為根據的減肥方案是非常重要的。